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US Code, Title 4 (1994 edition)
US Code, Title 4 (1994 edition) — FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES
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<title>U.S.C. Title 4 - FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES
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<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;">4 U.S.C. </span><br/>
<span style="font-size:10pt">United States Code, 1994 Edition</span><br/>
<span style="font-size:10pt">Title 4 - FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES</span><br/>
<span style="font-size:10pt">From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, <a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a></span><br/><br/>
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<h1 class="usc-title-head">TITLE 4—FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES</h1>
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<p class="usc-title-ital-spanner">This title was enacted by act July 30, 1947, ch. 389, §1, 61 Stat. 641</p>
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<div class="analysis">
<div><div class="analysis-head-left">Chap.</div><div class="analysis-head-right">Sec.</div></div>
<div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">1.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">The Flag</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">1</div></div>
<div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">2.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">The Seal</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">41</div></div>
<div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">3.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Seat of the Government</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">71</div></div>
<div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">4.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">The States</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">101</div></div>
<div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">5.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Official Territorial Papers</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">141</div></div>
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<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1951—Act Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, §11, 65 Stat. 713, added item for chapter 5.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Positive Law; Citation</h4>
<p class="note-body">This title has been made positive law by section 1 of act July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 641, which provided in part that: “title 4 of the United States Code, entitled ‘Flag and seal, Seat of Government, and the States’, is codified and enacted into positive law and may be cited as ‘4 U. S. C., §—’ ”.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Repeals</h4>
<p class="note-body">Section 2 of act July 30, 1947, provided that the sections or parts thereof of the Statutes at Large or the Revised Statutes covering provisions codified in this Act are repealed insofar as the provisions appeared in former Title 4, and provided that any rights or liabilities now existing under the repealed sections or parts thereof shall not be affected by the repeal.</p>
<table class="uscdispo3col" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Table Showing Disposition of All Sections of Former Title </cap-smallcap>4</caption>
<tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Title 4 Former Sections</em></th><th id="row0col1"><em> Revised Statutes Statutes at Large </em></th><th id="row0col2"><em>Title 4 New Sections</em></th></tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">1</td>
<td class="middle">R.S. §§1791, 1792</td>
<td class="right">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">2</td>
<td class="middle">R.S. §1792</td>
<td class="right">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">3</td>
<td class="middle">Feb. 8, 1917, ch. 34, 39 Stat. 900</td>
<td class="right">3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">4</td>
<td class="middle">R.S. §1793</td>
<td class="right">41</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">5</td>
<td class="middle">R.S. §§203 (first clause), 1794</td>
<td class="right">42</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">6</td>
<td class="middle">R.S. §1795</td>
<td class="right">71</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">7</td>
<td class="middle">R.S. §1796</td>
<td class="right">72</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">8</td>
<td class="middle">R.S. §4798</td>
<td class="right">73</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">9</td>
<td class="middle">R.S. §1836</td>
<td class="right">101</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">10</td>
<td class="middle">R.S. §1837</td>
<td class="right">102</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">11</td>
<td class="middle">R.S. §1838</td>
<td class="right">103</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">12</td>
<td class="middle">June 16, 1936, ch. 582, §10, 49 Stat. 1521</td>
<td class="right">104</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left"></td>
<td class="middle">Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 787, §7, 54 Stat. 1060.</td>
<td class="right"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">13</td>
<td class="middle">Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 787, §1, 54 Stat. 1059</td>
<td class="right">105</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">14</td>
<td class="middle">Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 787, §2, 54 Stat. 1060</td>
<td class="right">106</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">15</td>
<td class="middle">Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 787, §3, 54 Stat. 1060</td>
<td class="right">107</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">16</td>
<td class="middle">Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 787, §4, 54 Stat. 1060</td>
<td class="right">108</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">17</td>
<td class="middle">Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 787, §5, 54 Stat. 1060</td>
<td class="right">109</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">18</td>
<td class="middle">Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 787, §6, 54 Stat. 1060</td>
<td class="right">110</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<h3 class="chapter-head"><strong>CHAPTER 1—THE FLAG</strong></h3>
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<div class="analysis">
<div><div class="analysis-head-left">Sec.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">1.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Flag; stripes and stars on.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">2.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Same; additional stars.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">3.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Use of flag for advertising purposes; mutilation of flag.</div></div>
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<h3 class="section-head">§1. Flag; stripes and stars on</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">The flag of the United States shall be thirteen horizontal stripes, alternate red and white; and the union of the flag shall be forty-eight stars, white in a blue field.</p>
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<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 642.)</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Executive Order No. 10798</h4>
<p class="note-body">Ex. Ord. No. 10798, Jan. 3, 1959, 24 F.R. 79, which prescribed proportions and sizes of flags until July 4, 1960, was revoked by section 33 of Ex. Ord. No. 10834, set out as a note under this section.</p>
<h4 class="note-head">Ex. Ord. No. 10834. Proportions and Sizes of Flags and Position of Stars</h4>
<p class="note-body">Ex. Ord. No. 10834, Aug. 21, 1959, 24 F.R. 6865, provided:</p>
<p class="note-body">WHEREAS the State of Hawaii has this day been admitted into the Union; and</p>
<p class="note-body">WHEREAS section 2 of title 4 of the United States Code provides as follows: “On the admission of a new State into the Union one star shall be added to the union of the flag; and such addition shall take effect on the fourth day of July then next succeeding such admission.”; and</p>
<p class="note-body">WHEREAS the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 (63 Stat. 377), as amended [see Short Title note under section 471 of Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works] authorizes the President to prescribe policies and directives governing the procurement and utilization of property by executive agencies; and</p>
<p class="note-body">WHEREAS the interests of the Government require that orderly and reasonable provision be made for various matters pertaining to the flag and that appropriate regulations governing the procurement and utilization of national flags and union jacks by executive agencies be prescribed:</p>
<p class="note-body">NOW, THEREFORE, by virtue of the authority vested in me as President of the United States and as Commander in Chief of the armed forces of the United States, and the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, as amended [see Short Title note under section 471 of Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works], it is hereby ordered as follows:</p>
<h4 class="note-head">Part I—Design of the Flag</h4>
<p class="note-body"><cap-smallcap>Section</cap-smallcap> 1. The flag of the United States shall have thirteen horizontal stripes, alternate red and white, and a union consisting of white stars on a field of blue.</p>
<p class="note-body"><cap-smallcap>Sec</cap-smallcap>. 2. The positions of the stars in the union of the flag and in the union jack shall be as indicated on the attachment to this order, which is hereby made a part of this order.</p>
<p class="note-body"><cap-smallcap>Sec</cap-smallcap>. 3. The dimensions of the constituent parts of the flag shall conform to the proportions set forth in the attachment referred to in section 2 of this order.</p>
<h4 class="note-head">Part II—Regulations Governing Executive Agencies</h4>
<p class="note-body"><cap-smallcap>Sec</cap-smallcap>. 21. The following sizes of flags are authorized for executive agencies:</p>
<table class="uscflagdimensions" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption> </caption>
<tr><th id="row0col0" rowspan="2"><em>Size</em></th><th id="row0col1" colspan="2"><em>Dimensions of Flag</em></th></tr>
<tr><th id="row1col1"><em>Hoist (width)</em></th><th id="row1col2"><em>Fly (length)</em></th></tr>
<tr>
<td class="left"></td>
<td class="middle"><em>Feet </em></td>
<td class="right"><em>Feet </em></td>
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<td class="left">(1)</td>
<td class="middle">20.00</td>
<td class="right">38.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">(2)</td>
<td class="middle">10.00</td>
<td class="right">19.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">(3)</td>
<td class="middle">8.95</td>
<td class="right">17.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">(4)</td>
<td class="middle">7.00</td>
<td class="right">11.00<!-- PDFPage:2 --></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">(5)</td>
<td class="middle">5.00</td>
<td class="right">9.50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">(6)</td>
<td class="middle">4.33</td>
<td class="right">5.50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">(7)</td>
<td class="middle">3.50</td>
<td class="right">6.65</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">(8)</td>
<td class="middle">3.00</td>
<td class="right">4.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">(9)</td>
<td class="middle">3.00</td>
<td class="right">5.70</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">(10)</td>
<td class="middle">2.37</td>
<td class="right">4.50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">(11)</td>
<td class="middle">1.32</td>
<td class="right">2.50</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class="note-body"><cap-smallcap>Sec</cap-smallcap>. 22. Flags manufactured or purchased for the use of executive agencies:</p>
<p class="note-body">(a) Shall conform to the provisions of Part I of this order, except as may be otherwise authorized pursuant to the provisions of section 24, or except as otherwise authorized by the provisions of section 21, of this order.</p>
<p class="note-body">(b) Shall conform to the provisions of section 21 of this order, except as may be otherwise authorized pursuant to the provisions of section 24 of this order.</p>
<p class="note-body"><cap-smallcap>Sec</cap-smallcap>. 23. The exterior dimensions of each union jack manufactured or purchased for executive agencies shall equal the respective exterior dimensions of the union of a flag of a size authorized by or pursuant to this order. The size of the union jack flown with the national flag shall be the same as the size of the union of that national flag.</p>
<p class="note-body"><cap-smallcap>Sec</cap-smallcap>. 24. (a) The Secretary of Defense in respect of procurement for the Department of Defense (including military colors) and the Administrator of General Services in respect of procurement for executive agencies other than the Department of Defense may, for cause which the Secretary or the Administrator, as the case may be, deems sufficient, make necessary minor adjustments in one or more of the dimensions or proportionate dimensions prescribed by this order, or authorize proportions or sizes other than those prescribed by section 3 or section 21 of this order.</p>
<p class="note-body">(b) So far as practicable, (1) the actions of the Secretary of Defense under the provisions of section 24(a) of this order, as they relate to the various organizational elements of the Department of Defense, shall be coordinated, and (2) the Secretary and the Administrator shall mutually coordinate their actions under that section.</p>
<p class="note-body"><cap-smallcap>Sec</cap-smallcap>. 25. Subject to such limited exceptions as the Secretary of Defense in respect of the Department of Defense, and the Administrator of General Services in respect of executive agencies other than the Department of Defense, may approve, all national flags and union jacks now in the possession of executive agencies, or hereafter acquired by executive agencies under contracts awarded prior to the date of this order, including those so possessed or so acquired by the General Services Administration, for distribution to other agencies, shall be utilized until unserviceable.</p>
<h4 class="note-head">Part III—General Provisions</h4>
<p class="note-body"><cap-smallcap>Sec</cap-smallcap>. 31. The flag prescribed by Executive Order No. 10798 of January 3, 1959, shall be the official flag of the United States until July 4, 1960, and on that date the flag prescribed by Part I of this order shall become the official flag of the United States; but this section shall neither derogate from section 24 or section 25 of this order nor preclude the procurement, for executive agencies, of flags provided for by or pursuant to this order at any time after the date of this order.</p>
<p class="note-body"><cap-smallcap>Sec</cap-smallcap>. 32. As used in this order, the term “executive agencies” means the executive departments and independent establishments in the executive branch of the Government, including wholly-owned Government corporations.</p>
<p class="note-body"><cap-smallcap>Sec</cap-smallcap>. 33. Executive Order No. 10798 of January 3, 1959, is hereby revoked.</p>
<p class="presidential-signature">Dwight D. Eisenhower. </p>
<img width="700" src="http://uscode.house.gov/images/1994/t4flag.gif" />
<table class="uscflagimagetable" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><strong>Standard proportions</strong></caption>
<tr><th id="row0col0">Hoist (width) of flag 1.0</th><th id="row0col1">Fly (length) of flag 1.9</th><th id="row0col2">Hoist (width) of Union 0.5385<p class="intabledata">(7/13)<p/></th><th id="row0col3">Fly (length) of Union 0.76</th><th id="row0col4"><p class="intabledata">0.054<p/></th><th id="row0col5"><p class="intabledata">0.054<p/></th><th id="row0col6"><p class="intabledata">0.063<p/></th><th id="row0col7"><p class="intabledata">0.063<p/></th><th id="row0col8">Diameter of star 0.0616</th><th id="row0col9">Width of stripe 0.0769<p class="intabledata">(1/13)<p/></th></tr>
<tr>
<td class="left">A</td>
<td class="middle">B</td>
<td class="middle">C</td>
<td class="middle">D</td>
<td class="middle">E</td>
<td class="middle">F</td>
<td class="middle">G</td>
<td class="middle">H</td>
<td class="middle">K</td>
<td class="right">L</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<h4 class="note-head">Section Referred to in Other Sections</h4>
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<p class="note-body">This section is referred to in title 36 section 173.</p>
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<h3 class="section-head">§2. Same; additional stars</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">On the admission of a new State into the Union one star shall be added to the union of the flag; and such addition shall take effect on the fourth day of July then next succeeding such admission.</p>
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<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 642.)</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Section Referred to in Other Sections</h4>
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<p class="note-body">This section is referred to in title 36 section 173.</p>
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<h3 class="section-head">§3. Use of flag for advertising purposes; mutilation of flag</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">Any person who, within the District of Columbia, in any manner, for exhibition or display, shall place or cause to be placed any word, figure, mark, picture, design, drawing, or any advertisement of any nature upon any flag, standard, colors, or ensign of the United States of America; or shall expose or cause to be exposed to public view any such flag, standard, colors, or ensign upon which shall have been printed, painted, or otherwise placed, or to which shall be attached, appended, affixed, or annexed any word, figure, mark, picture, design, or drawing, or any advertisement of any nature; or who, within the District of Columbia, shall manufacture, sell, expose for sale, or to public view, or give away or have in possession for sale, or to be given away or for use for any purpose, any article or substance being an article of merchandise, or a receptacle for merchandise or article or thing for carrying or transporting merchandise, upon which shall have been printed, painted, attached, or otherwise placed a representation of any such flag, standard, colors, or ensign, to advertise, call attention to, decorate, mark, or distinguish the article or substance on which so placed shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine not exceeding $100 or by imprisonment for not more than thirty days, or both, in the discretion of the court. The words “flag, standard, colors, or ensign”, as used herein, shall include any flag, standard, colors, ensign, or any picture or representation of either, or of any part or parts of either, made of any substance or represented on any substance, of any size evidently purporting to be either of said flag, standard, colors, or ensign of the United States of America or a picture or a representation of either, upon which shall be shown the colors, the stars and the stripes, in any number of either thereof, or of any part or parts of either, by which the average person seeing the same without deliberation may believe the same to represent the flag, colors, standard, or ensign of the United States of America.</p>
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<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 642; July 5, 1968, Pub. L. 90–381, §3, 82 Stat. 291.)</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1968—Pub. L. 90–381 struck out “; or who, within the District of Columbia, shall publicly mutilate, deface, defile or defy, trample upon, or cast contempt, either by word or act, upon any such flag, standard, colors, or ensign,” after “substance on which so placed”.</p>
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<h4 class="note-head">Cross References</h4>
<p class="note-body">Display and use of flag by civilians, see section 174 of Title 36, Patriotic Societies and Observances.</p>
<p class="note-body">Manner of display of flag, see section 175 of Title 36, Patriotic Societies and Observances.</p>
<p class="note-body">Penalty for desecration of the flag, see section 700 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.</p>
<p class="note-body">Police uniforms to display U.S. flag emblem or colors, see section 210a of Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works.</p>
<p class="note-body">Respect for flag, see section 176 of Title 36, Patriotic Societies and Observances.</p>
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<h3 class="chapter-head"><strong>CHAPTER 2—THE SEAL</strong></h3>
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<div class="analysis">
<div><div class="analysis-head-left">Sec.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">41.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Seal of the United States.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">42.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Same; custody and use of.</div></div>
</div>
<p> </p>
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<h3 class="section-head">§41. Seal of the United States</h3>
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<p class="statutory-body">The seal heretofore used by the United States in Congress assembled is declared to be the seal of the United States.</p>
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<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 643.)</p>
<!-- field-end:sourcecredit -->
<!-- field-start:notes -->
<!-- field-start:crossreference-note -->
<h4 class="note-head">Cross References</h4>
<p class="note-body">National motto, see section 186 of Title 36, Patriotic Societies and Observances.</p>
<!-- field-end:crossreference-note -->
<!-- field-end:notes -->
<!-- documentid:4_42 usckey:040000000004200000000000000000000 currentthrough:19950104 documentPDFPage:3 -->
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<!-- expcite:TITLE 4-FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES!@!CHAPTER 2-THE SEAL!@!Sec. 42 -->
<!-- field-start:head -->
<h3 class="section-head">§42. Same; custody and use of</h3>
<!-- field-end:head -->
<!-- field-start:statute -->
<p class="statutory-body">The Secretary of State shall have the custody and charge of such seal. Except as provided by section 2902(a) of title 5, the seal shall not be affixed to any instrument without the special warrant of the President therefor.</p>
<!-- field-end:statute -->
<!-- field-start:sourcecredit -->
<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 643; Sept. 6, 1966, Pub. L. 89–554, §2(a), 80 Stat. 608.)</p>
<!-- field-end:sourcecredit -->
<!-- field-start:notes -->
<!-- field-start:amendment-note -->
<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1966—Pub. L. 89–554 struck out provisions which required the Secretary of State to make out and record, and to affix the seal to, all civil commissions for officers of the United States appointed by the President. See section 2902(a) of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.</p>
<!-- field-end:amendment-note -->
<!-- field-start:executivedocument-note -->
<h4 class="note-head">Ex. Ord. No. 10347. Affixing of Seal Without Special Warrant</h4>
<p class="note-body">Ex. Ord. No. 10347, Apr. 18, 1952, 17 F.R. 3521, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 11354, May 23, 1967, 32 F.R. 7695; Ex. Ord. No. 11517, Mar. 19, 1970, 35 F.R. 4937, provided:</p>
<p class="note-body">By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code (section 10, Public Law 248, approved October 31, 1951, 65 Stat. 713), and as President of the United States, I hereby authorize and direct the Secretary of State to affix the Seal of the United States, pursuant to section 42 of title 4 of the United States Code [this section], without any special warrant therefor, other than this order, to each document included within any of the following classes of documents when such document has been signed by the President and, in the case of any such document to which the counter-signature of the Secretary of State is required to be affixed, has been counter-signed by the said Secretary:</p>
<p class="note-body">1. Proclamations by the President of treaties, conventions, protocols, or other international agreements.</p>
<p class="note-body">2. Instruments of ratification of treaties.</p>
<p class="note-body">3. Full powers to negotiate treaties and to exchange ratifications.</p>
<p class="note-body">4. Letters of credence and recall and other communications from the President to heads of foreign governments.</p>
<p class="note-body">5. Exequaturs issued to those foreign consular officers in the United States whose commissions bear the signature of the chief of state which they represent.</p>
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<!-- field-start:structuralhead -->
<h3 class="chapter-head"><strong>CHAPTER 3—SEAT OF THE GOVERNMENT</strong></h3>
<!-- field-end:structuralhead -->
<!-- field-start:analysis -->
<div class="analysis">
<div><div class="analysis-head-left">Sec.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">71.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Permanent seat of Government.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">72.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Public offices; at seat of Government.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">73.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Same; removal from seat of Government.</div></div>
</div>
<p> </p>
<!-- field-end:analysis -->
<!-- documentid:4_71 usckey:040000000007100000000000000000000 currentthrough:19950104 documentPDFPage:4 -->
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<!-- expcite:TITLE 4-FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES!@!CHAPTER 3-SEAT OF THE GOVERNMENT!@!Sec. 71 -->
<!-- field-start:head -->
<h3 class="section-head">§71. Permanent seat of Government</h3>
<!-- field-end:head -->
<!-- field-start:statute -->
<p class="statutory-body">All that part of the territory of the United States included within the present limits of the District of Columbia shall be the permanent seat of government of the United States.</p>
<!-- field-end:statute -->
<!-- field-start:sourcecredit -->
<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 643.)</p>
<!-- field-end:sourcecredit -->
<!-- documentid:4_72 usckey:040000000007200000000000000000000 currentthrough:19950104 documentPDFPage:4 -->
<!-- itempath:/040/CHAPTER 3/Sec. 72 -->
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<!-- expcite:TITLE 4-FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES!@!CHAPTER 3-SEAT OF THE GOVERNMENT!@!Sec. 72 -->
<!-- field-start:head -->
<h3 class="section-head">§72. Public offices; at seat of Government</h3>
<!-- field-end:head -->
<!-- field-start:statute -->
<p class="statutory-body">All offices attached to the seat of government shall be exercised in the District of Columbia, and not elsewhere, except as otherwise expressly provided by law.</p>
<!-- field-end:statute -->
<!-- field-start:sourcecredit -->
<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 643.)</p>
<!-- field-end:sourcecredit -->
<!-- documentid:4_73 usckey:040000000007300000000000000000000 currentthrough:19950104 documentPDFPage:4 -->
<!-- itempath:/040/CHAPTER 3/Sec. 73 -->
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<!-- expcite:TITLE 4-FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES!@!CHAPTER 3-SEAT OF THE GOVERNMENT!@!Sec. 73 -->
<!-- field-start:head -->
<h3 class="section-head">§73. Same; removal from seat of Government</h3>
<!-- field-end:head -->
<!-- field-start:statute -->
<p class="statutory-body">In case of the prevalence of a contagious or epidemic disease at the seat of government, the President may permit and direct the removal of any or all the public offices to such other place or places as he shall deem most safe and convenient for conducting the public business.</p>
<!-- field-end:statute -->
<!-- field-start:sourcecredit -->
<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 643.)</p>
<!-- field-end:sourcecredit -->
<!-- field-start:secref -->
<h4 class="note-head">Section Referred to in Other Sections</h4>
<!-- field-end:secref -->
<!-- field-start:sectionreferredto -->
<p class="note-body">This section is referred to in title 42 section 97.</p>
<!-- field-end:sectionreferredto -->
<!-- documentid:4_-ch4 currentthrough:19950104 documentPDFPage:4 -->
<!-- itempath:/040/CHAPTER 4 -->
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<!-- expcite:TITLE 4-FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES!@!CHAPTER 4-THE STATES -->
<!-- field-start:structuralhead -->
<h3 class="chapter-head"><strong>CHAPTER 4—THE STATES</strong></h3>
<!-- field-end:structuralhead -->
<!-- field-start:analysis -->
<div class="analysis">
<div><div class="analysis-head-left">Sec.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">101.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Oath by members of legislatures and officers.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">102.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Same; by whom administered.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">103.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Assent to purchase of lands for forts.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">104.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Tax on motor fuel sold on military or other reservation; reports to State taxing authority.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">105.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">State, etc., taxation affecting Federal areas; sales or use tax.<sup><a href="#CHAPTER4_1_target" name="CHAPTER4_1">1</a></sup></div></div>
</div>
<p> </p>
<div class="analysis">
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">106.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Same; income tax.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">107.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Same; exception of United States, its instrumentalities, and authorized purchasers therefrom.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">108.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Same; jurisdiction of United States over Federal areas unaffected.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">109.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Same; exception of Indians.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">110.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Same; definitions.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">111.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Same; taxation affecting Federal employees; income tax.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">112.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Compacts between States for cooperation in prevention of crime; consent of Congress.</div></div>
<div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">113.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Residence of Members of Congress for State income tax laws.</div></div>
</div>
<p> </p>
<!-- field-end:analysis -->
<!-- field-start:notes -->
<!-- field-start:amendment-note -->
<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1977—Pub. L. 95–67, §1(b), July 19, 1977, 91 Stat. 271, added item 113.</p>
<p class="note-body">1966—Pub. L. 89–554, §2(b), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 608, added item 111 and redesignated former item 111 as 112.</p>
<p class="note-body">1949—Act May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §129(a), 63 Stat. 107, added item 111.</p>
<!-- field-end:amendment-note -->
<!-- field-start:miscellaneous-note -->
<h4 class="note-head">Civil and Criminal Jurisdiction over Indians</h4>
<p class="note-body">Amendment of State Constitutions to remove legal impediment to the assumption of civil and criminal jurisdiction in accordance with the provisions of section 1162 of Title 18 and section 1360 of Title 28, see act Aug. 15, 1953, ch. 505, §6, 67 Stat. 590, set out as a note under section 1360 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.</p>
<p class="note-body">Consent of United States to other States to assume jurisdiction with respect to criminal offenses or civil causes of action, or with respect to both, as provided for in section 1162 of Title 18 and section 1360 of Title 28, see act Aug. 15, 1953, ch. 505, §7, 67 Stat. 590, set out as a note under section 1360 of Title 28.</p>
<!-- field-end:miscellaneous-note -->
<!-- field-end:notes -->
<!-- field-start:footnote -->
<p class="footnote"><a href="#CHAPTER4_1" name="CHAPTER4_1_target"><sup>1</sup> So in original. Does not conform to section catchline.</a></p>
<!-- field-end:footnote -->
<!-- documentid:4_101 usckey:040000000010100000000000000000000 currentthrough:19950104 documentPDFPage:4 -->
<!-- itempath:/040/CHAPTER 4/Sec. 101 -->
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<!-- expcite:TITLE 4-FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES!@!CHAPTER 4-THE STATES!@!Sec. 101 -->
<!-- field-start:head -->
<h3 class="section-head">§101. Oath by members of legislatures and officers</h3>
<!-- field-end:head -->
<!-- field-start:statute -->
<p class="statutory-body">Every member of a State legislature, and every executive and judicial officer of a State, shall, before he proceeds to execute the duties of his office, take an oath in the following form, to wit: “I, A B, do solemnly swear that I will support the Constitution of the United States.”</p>
<!-- field-end:statute -->
<!-- field-start:sourcecredit -->
<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 643.)</p>
<!-- field-end:sourcecredit -->
<!-- documentid:4_102 usckey:040000000010200000000000000000000 currentthrough:19950104 documentPDFPage:4 -->
<!-- itempath:/040/CHAPTER 4/Sec. 102 -->
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<!-- expcite:TITLE 4-FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES!@!CHAPTER 4-THE STATES!@!Sec. 102 -->
<!-- field-start:head -->
<h3 class="section-head">§102. Same; by whom administered</h3>
<!-- field-end:head -->
<!-- field-start:statute -->
<p class="statutory-body">Such oath may be administered by any person who, by the law of the State, is authorized to administer the oath of office; and the person so administering such oath shall cause a record or certificate thereof to be made in the same manner, as by the law of the State, he is directed to record or certify the oath of office.</p>
<!-- field-end:statute -->
<!-- field-start:sourcecredit -->
<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 644.)</p>
<!-- field-end:sourcecredit -->
<!-- documentid:4_103 usckey:040000000010300000000000000000000 currentthrough:19950104 documentPDFPage:4 -->
<!-- itempath:/040/CHAPTER 4/Sec. 103 -->
<!-- itemsortkey:040AAAP -->
<!-- expcite:TITLE 4-FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES!@!CHAPTER 4-THE STATES!@!Sec. 103 -->
<!-- field-start:head -->
<h3 class="section-head">§103. Assent to purchase of lands for forts</h3>
<!-- field-end:head -->
<!-- field-start:statute -->
<p class="statutory-body">The President of the United States is authorized to procure the assent of the legislature of any State, within which any purchase of land has been made for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dockyards, and other needful buildings, without such consent having been obtained.</p>
<!-- field-end:statute -->
<!-- field-start:sourcecredit -->
<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 644.)</p>
<!-- field-end:sourcecredit -->
<!-- documentid:4_104 usckey:040000000010400000000000000000000 currentthrough:19950104 documentPDFPage:4 -->
<!-- itempath:/040/CHAPTER 4/Sec. 104 -->
<!-- itemsortkey:040AAAQ -->
<!-- expcite:TITLE 4-FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES!@!CHAPTER 4-THE STATES!@!Sec. 104 -->
<!-- field-start:head -->
<h3 class="section-head">§104. Tax on motor fuel sold on military or other reservation <sup><a href="#103_1_target" name="103_1">1</a></sup> reports to State taxing authority</h3>
<!-- field-end:head -->
<!-- field-start:statute -->
<p class="statutory-body">(a) All taxes levied by any State, Territory, or the District of Columbia upon, with respect to, or measured by, sales, purchases, storage, or use of gasoline or other motor vehicle fuels may be levied, in the same manner and to the same extent, with respect to such fuels when sold by or through post exchanges, ship stores, ship service stores, commissaries, filling stations, licensed traders, and other similar agencies, located on United States military or other reservations, when such fuels are not for the exclusive use of the United States. Such taxes, so levied, shall be paid to the proper taxing authorities of the State, Territory, or the District of Columbia, within whose borders the reservation affected may be located.</p>
<p class="statutory-body">(b) The officer in charge of such reservation shall, on or before the fifteenth day of each month, submit a written statement to the proper taxing authorities of the State, Territory, or the District of Columbia within whose borders the reservation is located, showing the amount of such motor fuel with respect to which taxes are payable under subsection (a) for the preceding month.</p>
<!-- PDFPage:5 --><p class="statutory-body">(c) As used in this section, the term “Territory” shall include Guam.</p>
<!-- field-end:statute -->
<!-- field-start:sourcecredit -->
<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 644; Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 827, 70 Stat. 799.)</p>
<!-- field-end:sourcecredit -->
<!-- field-start:notes -->
<!-- field-start:amendment-note -->
<h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4>
<p class="note-body">1956—Subsec. (c) added by act Aug. 1, 1956.</p>
<!-- field-end:amendment-note -->
<!-- field-start:miscellaneous-note -->
<h4 class="note-head">Civil Airports Owned by United States Subject to Sections 104 <cap-smallcap>to</cap-smallcap> 110; <cap-smallcap>Sales or Use Taxes: Fuels for Aircraft or Other Servicing of Aircraft; Landing or Taking Off Charges; Leases</cap-smallcap></h4>
<p class="note-body">Section 210 of Pub. L. 91–258, title II, May 21, 1970, 84 Stat. 253, provided that:</p>
<p class="note-body">“(a) Nothing in this title or in any other law of the United States shall prevent the application of sections 104 through 110 of title 4 of the United States Code to civil airports owned by the United States.</p>
<p class="note-body">“(b) Subsection (a) shall not apply to—</p>
<p class="note-body-1em">“(1) sales or use taxes in respect of fuels for aircraft or in respect of other servicing of aircraft, or</p>
<p class="note-body-1em">“(2) taxes, fees, head charges, or other charges in respect of the landing or taking off of aircraft or aircraft passengers or freight.</p>
<p class="note-body">“(c) In the case of any lease in effect on September 28, 1969, subsection (a) shall not authorize the levy or collection of any tax in respect of any transaction occurring, or any service performed, pursuant to such lease before the expiration of such lease (determined without regard to any renewal or extension of such lease made after September 28, 1969). For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term ‘lease’ includes a contract.”</p>
<!-- field-end:miscellaneous-note -->
<!-- field-end:notes -->
<!-- field-start:secref -->
<h4 class="note-head">Section Referred to in Other Sections</h4>
<!-- field-end:secref -->
<!-- field-start:sectionreferredto -->
<p class="note-body">This section is referred to in section 110 of this title.</p>
<!-- field-end:sectionreferredto -->
<!-- field-start:footnote -->
<p class="footnote"><a href="#104_1" name="104_1_target"><sup>1</sup> So in original. Probably should be followed by a semicolon.</a></p>
<!-- field-end:footnote -->
<!-- documentid:4_105 usckey:040000000010500000000000000000000 currentthrough:19950104 documentPDFPage:5 -->
<!-- itempath:/040/CHAPTER 4/Sec. 105 -->
<!-- itemsortkey:040AAAR -->
<!-- expcite:TITLE 4-FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES!@!CHAPTER 4-THE STATES!@!Sec. 105 -->
<!-- field-start:head -->
<h3 class="section-head">§105. State, and so forth, taxation affecting Federal areas; sales or use tax</h3>
<!-- field-end:head -->
<!-- field-start:statute -->
<p class="statutory-body">(a) No person shall be relieved from liability for payment of, collection of, or accounting for any sales or use tax levied by any State, or by any duly constituted taxing authority therein, having jurisdiction to levy such a tax, on the ground that the sale or use, with respect to which such tax is levied, occurred in whole or in part within a Federal area; and such State or taxing authority shall have full jurisdiction and power to levy and collect any such tax in any Federal area within such State to the same extent and with the same effect as though such area was not a Federal area.</p>
<p class="statutory-body">(b) The provisions of subsection (a) shall be applicable only with respect to sales or purchases made, receipts from sales received, or storage or use occurring, after December 31, 1940.</p>
<!-- field-end:statute -->
<!-- field-start:sourcecredit -->
<p class="source-credit">(July 30, 1947, ch. 389, 61 Stat. 644.)</p>
<!-- field-end:sourcecredit -->
<!-- field-start:notes -->
<!-- field-start:miscellaneous-note -->
<h4 class="note-head">Taxation With Respect to Essential Support Activities or Functions of Non-Governmental Persons in Congressionally-Controlled Locations in District of Columbia</h4>
<p class="note-body">Pub. L. 100–202, §101(i) [title III, §307], Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1329–290, 1329–309, provided that:</p>
<p class="note-body">“(a) Notwithstanding section 105 of title 4, United States Code, or any other provision of law, no person shall be required to pay, collect, or account for any sales, use, or similar excise tax, or any personal property tax, with respect to an essential support activity or function conducted by a nongovernmental person in the Capitol, the House Office Buildings, the Senate Office Buildings, the Capitol Grounds, or any other location under the control of the Congress in the District of Columbia.</p>
<p class="note-body">“(b) As used in this section—</p>
<p class="note-body-1em">“(1) the term ‘essential support activity or function’ means a support activity or function so designated by the Committee on House Administration of the House of Representatives or the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate, acting jointly or separately, as appropriate;</p>
<p class="note-body-1em">“(2) the term ‘personal property tax’ means a tax of a State, a subdivision of a State, or any other authority of a State, that is levied on, levied with respect to, or measured by, the value of personal property;</p>
<p class="note-body-1em">“(3) the term ‘sales, use, or similar excise tax’ means a tax of a State, a subdivision of a State, or any other authority of a State, that is levied on, levied with respect to, or measured by, sales, receipts from sales, or purchases, or by storage, possession, or use of personal property; and</p>
<p class="note-body-1em">“(4) the term ‘State’ means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, or a territory or possession of the United States.</p>
<p class="note-body">“(c) This section shall apply to any sale, receipt, purchase, storage, possession, use, or valuation taking place after December 31, 1986.”</p>
<!-- field-end:miscellaneous-note -->
<!-- field-start:crossreference-note -->
<h4 class="note-head">Cross References</h4>
<p class="note-body">Imposition of net income taxes by State on income derived from interstate commerce, see chapter 10B (§381 et seq.) of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.</p>
<!-- field-end:crossreference-note -->
<!-- field-end:notes -->
<!-- field-start:secref -->
<h4 class="note-head">Section Referred to in Other Sections</h4>
<!-- field-end:secref -->
<!-- field-start:sectionreferredto -->
<p class="note-body">This section is referred to in sections 107, 108, 109, 110 of this title; title 36 section 1219.</p>
<!-- field-end:sectionreferredto -->
<!-- documentid:4_106 usckey:040000000010600000000000000000000 currentthrough:19950104 documentPDFPage:5 -->
<!-- itempath:/040/CHAPTER 4/Sec. 106 -->
<!-- itemsortkey:040AAAS -->
<!-- expcite:TITLE 4-FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES!@!CHAPTER 4-THE STATES!@!Sec. 106 -->
<!-- field-start:head -->
<h3 class="section-head">§106. Same; income tax</h3>
<!-- field-end:head -->
<!-- field-start:statute -->
<p class="statutory-body">(a) No person shall be relieved from liability for any income tax levied by any State, or by any duly constituted taxing authority therein, having jurisdiction to levy such a tax, by reason of his residing within a Federal area or receiving income from transactions occurring or services performed in such area; and such State or taxing authority shall have full jurisdiction and power to levy and collect such tax in any Federal area within such State to the same extent and with the…
