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ASIC RG 207
ASIC RG 207 — ASIC Regulatory Guide – RG 207 Credit licensing: Financial requirements
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REGULATORY GUIDE 207
Credit licensing: Financial
requirements
April 2020
About this guide
This guide is for credit licensees, licence applicants and unlicensed carried
over instrument lenders (unlicensed COI lenders).
The guide sets out the financial requirements you will have to meet as the
holder of an Australian credit licence or as an unlicensed COI lender.
If you are a body regulated by the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority
(APRA), as defined in s3(2) of the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority
Act 1998, this guide does not apply to you.
Note: APRA, and not ASIC, imposes requirements for financial resources for bodies it
regulates. This applies even if only a part of your credit activities is an activity regulated
by APRA.
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About ASIC regulatory documents
In administering legislation ASIC issues the following types of regulatory
documents.
Consultation papers: seek feedback from stakeholders on matters ASIC
is considering, such as proposed relief or proposed regulatory guidance.
Regulatory guides: give guidance to regulated entities by:
explaining when and how ASIC will exercise specific powers under
legislation
explaining how ASIC interprets the law
describing the principles underlying ASIC’s approach
giving practical guidance (e.g. describing the steps of a process such
as applying for a licence or giving practical examples of how
regulated entities may decide to meet their obligations).
Information sheets: provide concise guidance on a specific process or
compliance issue or an overview of detailed guidance.
Reports: describe ASIC compliance or relief activity or the results of a
research project.
Document history
This guide was issued in April 2020 and is based on legislation and
regulations as at the day of issue.
Previous version:
Superseded Regulatory Guide 207, issued June 2010
Superseded Regulatory Guide 207, issued December 2009
Disclaimer
This guide does not constitute legal advice. We encourage you to seek your
own professional advice to find out how the credit legislation and other
applicable laws apply to you, as it is your responsibility to determine your
obligations.
Examples in this guide are purely for illustration; they are not exhaustive and
are not intended to impose or imply particular rules or requirements.
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Contents
A Overview ........................................................................................... 4
The financial resource requirements ................................................. 4
What to do to comply with the financial resource requirements ........ 6
How we apply the financial requirements .......................................... 6
Underlying principles ......................................................................... 7
B How to meet your financial obligations ......................................... 9
Who can you designate as a ‘financial manager’? ............................ 9
C What should your ‘financial manager’ do? ................................. 11
Planning and monitoring financial resources ................................... 11
Cash flows and financial resources ................................................. 12
Documenting your decisions............................................................ 13
Telling us that you have adequate financial resources ................... 13
Key terms ............................................................................................... 14
Related information ............................................................................... 16
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A Overview
Key points
Credit licensees must comply with the obligation to have adequate financial
resources in s47(1)(l) of the National Consumer Credit Protection Act 2009
(National Credit Act): see RG 207.1–RG 207.5.
Unlicensed carried over instrument lenders (unlicensed COI lenders) must
comply with a modified obligation to have adequate financial resources set
out in s47(1) of the National Credit Act, as modified by the National
Consumer Credit Protection Regulations 2010 (National Credit
Regulations): see RG 207.5–RG 207.8.
As a credit licensee, you are responsible for deciding how to comply with
the financial resource requirements. This guide sets out our minimum
expectations for demonstrating that you have adequate financial resources:
see RG 207.9–RG 207.12.
You must be able to confirm to ASIC that you can comply with the financial
resource requirements when you apply for an Australian credit licence
(credit licence) and on an ongoing basis as part of the annual compliance
certificate: see RG 207.13.
The financial resource requirements
RG 207.1 If you are a credit licensee, among other obligations you have under the
National Credit Act, you must:
(a) have adequate financial resources to:
(i) engage in the credit activities authorised by your licence; and
(ii) carry out supervisory arrangements (see s47(1)(l)(i));
(b) do all things necessary to ensure that the credit activities authorised by your
licence are engaged in efficiently, honestly and fairly (see s47(1)(a)); and
(c) have adequate risk management systems (see s47(1)(l)(ii)).
Note: All section references in this guide are to the National Credit Act unless otherwise
specified.
RG 207.2 Your obligations as a credit licensee apply whether you are a natural person,
a partnership, one of several trustees, or a body corporate. For partnerships
or trusts, the obligations under the National Credit Act may be discharged by
any of the partners or trustees: see s14(1)(a) and 15(3)(a), respectively.
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RG 207.3 Some general conduct obligations are also civil penalty provisions: see
s47(4), Regulatory Guide 205 Credit licensing: General conduct
obligations (RG 205) and Information Sheet 104 FAQs—Complying with
your credit obligations (INFO 104).
Note: The National Credit Act was amended on 13 March 2019 by the Treasury Laws
Amendment (Strengthening Corporate and Financial Sector Penalties) Act 2019 to
include civil penalties for some general conduct obligations.
Bodies regulated by APRA
RG 207.4 If you are a body regulated by the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority
(APRA) then you are exempt from the requirement to maintain adequate
financial resources and have adequate risk management systems: see 47(1)(l).
RG 207.5 The financial resource requirements in the National Credit Act will apply to
you if you are a related body corporate of a body regulated by APRA. APRA
regulation focuses on the capacity of the body APRA regulates to meet
financial commitments to relevant parties and applies requirements to other
group members only in so far as relevant for meeting those financial
commitments. The financial capacity of a subsidiary of an authorised
deposit-taking institution (ADI), for example, may not be material to
APRA’s purposes in regulating the ADI.
Carried over instruments
RG 207.6 If you ceased offering new credit contracts or consumer leases before 1 July
2010 but continued to be a lender or lessor in relation to credit contracts or
leases entered into before 1 July 2010, you are a carried over instrument
lender (COI lender) and specific rules apply to you.
RG 207.7 You can elect to either:
(a) register with ASIC and apply for a credit licence and be regulated in the
same way as credit providers offering new contracts under the National
Credit Act (this includes the requirement to maintain adequate financial
resources); or
(b) not be licensed under the National Credit Act and instead be regulated
as an unlicensed COI lender, in which case you will be subject to a
modified statutory regime. This includes the requirement to have
adequate financial resources so that you can engage in credit activities
and carry out supervisory arrangements in relation to carried over
instruments and the requirement to have adequate risk management
systems (see s47 of the National Credit Act, as modified by item 2.17 of
Sch 2 to the National Credit Regulations).
Note 1: A ‘carried over instrument’ is a contract or other instrument that was
made and in force, and to which an old Credit Code applied, immediately before
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1 July 2010: see s4(1) of the National Consumer Credit Protection (Transitional
and Consequential Provisions) Act 2009 (Transitional Act).
Note 2: For more guidance for people who engage in credit activities in relation to a
carried over instrument, see Regulatory Guide 203 Do I need a credit licence? (RG 203)
and Information Sheet 110 Lenders with carried over instruments (INFO 110).
Note 3: Schedule 2 to the National Credit Regulations was inserted by item [32] of Sch 1
to the National Consumer Credit Protection Amendment Regulations 2010 (No. 2).
Note 4: If you are assigned a carried over instrument on or after 1 July 2010 you are
not a COI lender and accordingly must obtain a credit licence prior to the assignment.
RG 207.8 As the obligations on unlicensed COI lenders are broadly similar to the
obligations on credit licensees, the minimum expectations contained in this
guide for demonstrating that you have adequate financial resources also
apply to unlicensed COI lenders.
What to do to comply with the financial resource requirements
RG 207.9 What you need to do to comply with the financial resource requirements will
vary according to the nature, scale and complexity of the credit activities you
engage in. This guide sets out our minimum expectations for complying with
the financial resource requirements.
RG 207.10 As a minimum, in summary, we expect you to:
(a) ensure that you have access to sufficient financial resources to be able
to meet all your debts as and when they become due and payable;
(b) plan and monitor cash flows to make sure they are sufficient to adequately
meet your obligations as a licensee under the National Credit Act; and
(c) keep written records that demonstrate that your financial resources are
being monitored on a regular basis.
RG 207.11 You may designate a senior person within your organisation to be directly
responsible to you for ensuring that your financial resources remain
adequate. This will help you comply with the financial requirements we have
outlined in RG 207.10. In some cases, you as the credit licensee might be the
person who performs that role.
RG 207.12 We call the senior person who you designate to be responsible for the financial
requirements outlined in this regulatory guide the ‘financial manager’.
How we apply the financial requirements
RG 207.13 If you are applying for a credit licence, you must be able to confirm that you
can comply with the financial resource requirements. Once you have a credit
licence, you must maintain adequate financial resources at all times. As part
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of the annual compliance certificate, you must certify that you have adequate
financial resources: see s53. If you become aware of an event that may make
a material adverse change to your financial position, you must lodge a notice
with ASIC within three business days setting out particulars of the event: see
reg 9(14) of the National Credit Regulations. Please send the notification by
email to credit.licence.notifications@asic.gov.au.
RG 207.14 If you are an unlicensed COI lender, you must maintain adequate financial
resources to engage in credit activities in relation to carried over instruments
at all times. You will need to confirm on an annual basis that you have
adequate financial resources in relation to carried over instruments. This
confirmation will form part of your annual compliance certificate: see s53,
as modified by item 2.28 of Sch 2 to the National Credit Regulations. If an
event occurs that may have a material adverse effect on your financial
position, you must lodge a notice with ASIC within three business days,
setting out particulars of the event: see reg 9A of the National Credit
Regulations. To notify us of a material adverse change, please complete
Form COI2 Change of details for unlicensed carried over instrument lender
and prescribed unlicensed carried over instrument lender and email it to
credit.licence.notifications@asic.gov.au.
Note 1: Schedule 2 to the National Credit Regulations was inserted by item [32] of Sch 1
to the National Consumer Credit Protection Amendment Regulations 2010 (No. 2).
Note 2: Regulation 9A of the National Credit Regulations was inserted by item [9] of
Sch 1 to the National Consumer Credit Protection Amendment Regulations 2010 (No. 2).
Underlying principles
RG 207.15 The aim of the legislation in imposing financial requirements is to minimise the
likelihood that insufficient resources will put compliance with the National
Credit Act and a credit licensee’s obligations at risk. We have used this
principle in this regulatory guide in setting out our expectations about the
financial requirements that we think Australian credit licensees should meet.
RG 207.16 We expect your risk management systems to specifically address the risk
that your financial resources will not be adequate to ensure that you are able
to carry on your business in compliance with your credit licence obligations
or to wind up your business in an orderly manner.
RG 207.17 You also have separate, specific obligations to have compensation
arrangements for your clients under s48. Those arrangements will provide
the primary way for clients to be compensated if you breach your licensee
obligations in the National Credit Act.
Note: For more information about how ASIC administers the compensation
requirements under s48, see Regulatory Guide 210 Compensation and insurance
arrangements for credit licensees (RG 210).
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Solvency
RG 207.18 It is not appropriate for any licensee, including a natural person, to carry on a
credit business while insolvent. We expect that you will continually monitor
your solvency. The Corporations Act 2001 (Corporations Act) requires
directors of a company to prevent insolvent trading by the company: see
Div 3 of Pt 5.7B of that Act. We also expect you to plan and monitor
whether you have a sufficient cash flow to meet your obligations under the
National Credit Act as a credit licensee.
AFS licence holders
RG 207.19 If you hold an Australian financial services (AFS) licence and an Australian
credit licence you will have separate financial requirements under each
licence. When you consider your financial requirements as a credit licensee
you may take into account that you have financial requirements as an AFS
licensee. However, you cannot automatically assume that if you meet your
AFS licence financial requirements that you will have sufficient financial
resources under your credit licence obligations.
RG 207.20 Both a credit licensee and an AFS licensee must be able to pay their debts as
and when they become due and payable. However, a credit licensee must
also have available adequate financial resources to provide the credit
services covered by the licence and to carry out supervisory arrangements.
This obligation is different from the financial resource requirement imposed
on an AFS licensee, which is directed at having adequate financial resources
to provide the financial services under the AFS licence. While assets used to
meet the AFS license conditions can also be used to meet the credit licence
conditions, we expect in your planning and monitoring of your financial
resources that you will consider that you must meet two financial resource
obligations as a result of holding a credit licence and an AFS licence.
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B How to meet your financial obligations
Key points
At least one senior person may be designated within your organisation to
be directly responsible to you for ensuring that your financial resources
remain adequate at all times. This will help ensure that you meet your
financial requirements obligations at all times: see RG 207.21–RG 207.26.
The senior person you designate to be responsible to you for the financial
resources may be you in some circumstances.
Any person you designate to be responsible for ensuring that your financial
resources remain adequate at all times should:
• have direct responsibility to the board of the credit licensee or the credit
licensee (as the case may be) for the significant day-to-day decisions about
managing your financial resources (see RG 207.27–RG 207.30); and
• have the appropriate knowledge and skills to manage your financial
resources (see RG 207.31–RG 207.32).
Who can you designate as a ‘financial manager’?
RG 207.21 You may designate a senior person who is accountable for ensuring that your
financial resources remain adequate at all times. We refer to this person in
this regulatory guide as the ‘financial manager’.
RG 207.22 For large businesses, if you designate at least one senior person within your
organisation to be directly responsible to you for ensuring that your financial
resources remain adequate at all times, it will help you ensure that your
financial resources remain adequate at all times.
RG 207.23 For small businesses that have a credit licence, you may designate yourself
as the financial manager (e.g. where you operate the business as a sole trader
or small partnership or trust). If the small business is operated as a company,
you could designate a director of the corporation as the financial manager.
RG 207.24 The person that you have designated as a financial manager should ensure that
you have adequate financial resources at all times. They should be directly
responsible for your compliance with the financial resource requirements to:
(a) if the licensee is a single natural person—the licensee;
(b) if the licensee is a body corporate—the board of directors; or
(c) if the licensee is a partnership or the trustees of a trust—a partner or
trustee who performs duties in relation to credit activities.
RG 207.25 You may have more than one person as a financial manager. For example, if
you operate different business units which engage in separate credit activities,
you may decide to have a financial manager for each business unit.
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RG 207.26 We may ask you about your financial manager if we conduct a surveillance
visit on your business.
Direct responsibility for the significant day-to-day decisions
RG 207.27 A person that you designate as financial manager should have direct
responsibility to the board of the credit licensee or the licensee (as the case
may be) for significant day-to-day decisions about the management of your
financial resources. The nature, scale and complexity of your credit business
will affect who you appoint as a financial manager. For example, for a large
credit provider it may be that the chief financial officer or the chief executive
officer has the required responsibility.
RG 207.28 When you designate a financial manager you should ensure that the person
has sufficient available time to be responsible for the significant day-to-day
decisions about managing your financial resources.
RG 207.29 The person you designate as a financial manager may be one of the
responsible managers that you have nominated in your application for a
credit licence but we do not expect that your financial manager will always
be a responsible manager.
Note: For information on who are your responsible managers, see Regulatory Guide 204
Applying for and varying a credit licence (RG 204).
RG 207.30 We expect that any person that you designate to act as a financial manager
will work closely with the nominated responsible managers that you have
identified in your application for a credit licence. The financial manager will
assist the nominated responsible managers in ensuring compliance with the
financial requirements under the National Credit Act.
Appropriate knowledge and skills
RG 207.31 Your financial manger should have the appropriate knowledge and skills
about financial matters and your business. We intend that you can be flexible
in adopting practices that suit your organisation.
RG 207.32 You should be able to demonstrate that a financial manager has the
experience and qualifications and/or training that are relevant to their role in
light of the nature, size and complexity of your business. For example, for a
large credit provider we would expect that your financial manager would be
a member of a relevant professional accounting or finance body and have at
least three years of relevant practical experience over the last five years.
However, we recognise that these requirements may not be appropriate for a
small mortgage broker (e.g. where it may be sufficient for you to assess the
capabilities of a person to act as a financial manager based on their previous
work experience).
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C What should your ‘financial manager’ do?
Key points
As a credit licensee you must plan and monitor whether you have adequate
financial resources to conduct your business in compliance with the National
Credit Act and your credit licence obligations: RG 207.33–RG 207.38.
We expect that your financial manager will ensure that you:
• have access to enough financial resources to be able to pay all debts as
and when they become due and payable and to meet your obligations as a
credit licensee under the National Credit Act (see RG 207.39–RG 207.43);
and
• keep written records that demonstrate that your financial resources are
adequate and are being monitored on a regular basis (see RG 207.44–
RG 207.45).
Planning and monitoring financial resources
RG 207.33 The financial resource requirements are principles-based and designed to
apply in a flexible way. For this reason, credit licensees must develop their
own arrangements to ensure that they comply with the financial resource
requirements. Financial managers should have specific responsibilities about
ensuring you comply with the financial requirements detailed in this section.
RG 207.34 We do not impose specific minimum financial resource requirements as part
of your licence conditions. In planning to meet your commitments, you
should assess what risks your business faces and whether these risks are
material enough so that it is reasonable for you to plan to meet them.
RG 207.35 We expect that your financial manager should continuously plan and monitor:
(a) whether you have adequate financial resources to be able to meet all
debts as and when they become due and payable;
(b) whether you have adequate financial resources to engage in the credit
activities in compliance with the National Credit Act and your
Australian credit licence obligations; and
(c) how best to monitor your financial resources on an ongoing basis.
RG 207.36 Your obligations will vary according to the nature, scale and complexity of the
credit activities you engage in. You can tailor the way in which you comply
with the financial resource requirements, taking into account factors such as:
(a) the types of credit activities you engage in;
(b) the diversity and structure of your operations (including the
geographical spread of the operations and the extent to which you
outsource any of your functions);
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(c) the volume and size of the transactions you are responsible for; and
(d) the number of people in your organisation.
RG 207.37 In planning and monitoring whether you have adequate financial resources,
your financial manager should take into account all available information
about the future, which is at least the next 12 months. If you have a history
of profitable operations and ready access to financial resources, your
financial manager may reach the conclusion that you have adequate financial
resources without detailed analysis. In other cases, your financial manager
may need to consider a wide range of factors related to current and expected
profitability, debt repayment schedules and potential sources of replacement
financing before being satisfied that you have adequate financial resources.
RG 207.38 We may ask you from time to time to explain your financial manager’s planning
and monitoring of your current financial resource needs and to demonstrate that
you have at least that level of financial resources: see s51(1).
Cash flows and financial resources
RG 207.39 While you must take responsibility for determining what constitutes
adequate financial resources in the context of your credit activities, one key
component in any licensee’s financial requirements is cash flow. We think
this is an important aspect to consider in ensuring that you meet your general
financial requirements. We expect that you will monitor your cash flows on
an ongoing basis so you can meet your obligations as a credit licensee under
the National Credit Act.
RG 207.40 All credit licensees must be able to meet their debts as and when they
become due and payable.
RG 207.41 We also think that if your cash flow is planned for and covered you are less
likely to feel pressured to cut costs on compliance arrangements or engage in
non-complying conduct.
RG 207.42 In considering your cash flow you may include amounts that you reasonably
believe are likely to be available from borrowings (including an overdraft
facility) and any guarantees or other funding arrangements, such as
contributions from your owners or associates.
RG 207.43 Your financial manager may determine whether you have adequate financial
resources, however you will be ultimately responsible for compliance with
the obligations where your financial manager makes the determination: see
s324 and 325.
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Documenting your decisions
RG 207.44 Your financial manager should ensure that the process for determining
whether you have adequate financial resources, including how your financial
resources are being monitored on a regular basis, have been documented.
Documenting this assessment process helps you to show that you are
complying with the general credit licensee obligations and helps to test and
improve your planning processes over time.
RG 207.45 The amount of documentation you need will vary depending on the nature, scale
and complexity of your business. For example, normally more documentation
would be required if your planning and monitoring is underpinned by forecasts
of likely continuing support by others who are not under legal commitments,
such as relying on consumers’ goodwill to ensure business turnover, rather than
relying on enforceable legal rights against credit-worthy entities.
Telling us that you have adequate financial resources
Applying for an Australian credit licence
RG 207.46 If you are applying for a credit licence, you must be able to comply with the
financial resource requirements. We cannot grant you a licence if we have
reason to believe that you will not be able to comply with the financial
resource requirement: see s37(1)(b).
Note: We will ask questions in the licensing process to help us decide whether an
applicant has adequate financial resources: see Section D of RG 204.
RG 207.47 In assessing your application for a credit licence, we might ask you to lodge
an audit report, prepared by a suitably qualified person, about the adequacy
of your financial resources: see s37(4)(b).
Ongoing compliance
RG 207.48 Once you have a credit licence, you must, among other responsibilities,
maintain adequate financial resources at all times. You will need to confirm
on an annual basis that you have adequate financial resources to engage in
the credit activities authorised by your credit licence and to carry out
supervisory arrangements. This confirmation will form part of your annual
compliance certificate: see s53.
RG 207.49 We expect your financial resources to be regularly reviewed to ensure they
continue to be adequate. For example, we would expect that your financial
manager would separately review the adequacy of your financial resources
in light of any major changes to your business, such as providing new
services or products or engaging more representatives.
Note: While a review may be undertaken by your financial manager, you will be
ultimately responsible for compliance with the obligations where your financial
manager performs the review: see s324 and 325.
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Key terms
Term Meaning in this document
ADI An authorised deposit-taking institution—a corporation
that is authorised under s5(1) of the Banking Act 1959.
ADIs include:
banks;
building societies; and
credit unions
AFS licence An Australian financial services licence under s913B of
the Corporations Act that authorises a person who carries
out a financial services business to provide financial
services
Note: This is a definition contained in s761A of the
Corporations Act.
AFS licensee A person who holds an AFS licence under s913B of the
Corporations Act
APRA Australian Prudential Regulation Authority
ASIC Australian Securities and Investments Commission
body regulated by
APRA
Has the meaning given in s3(2) of the Australian
Prudential Regulation Authority Act 1998
carried over
instrument
Has the meaning given in s4 of the Transitional Act
COI lender A person who was a credit provider or lessor who only
has a closed pool of carried over instruments as at 1 July
2010 and will not offer new credit contracts or consumer
leases from 1 July 2010
Corporations Act Corporations Act 2001, including regulations made for the
purposes of that Act
credit licence An Australian credit licence under s35 of the National
Credit Act that authorises a licensee to engage in
particular credit activities
credit licensee A person who holds an Australian credit licence under
s35 of the National Credit Act
financial manager A person appointed by a credit licensee to be directly
responsible to the board of the credit licensee or the
licensee (as the case may be) for ensuring that its
financial resources remain adequate at all times
National Credit Act National Consumer Credit Protection Act 2009
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Term Meaning in this document
National Credit Code National Credit Code at Schedule 1 to the National Credit
Act
National Credit
Regulations
National Consumer Credit Protection Regulations 2010
s37 (for example) A section of the National Credit Act (in this example
numbered 37), unless otherwise specified
RG 204 (for example) An ASIC regulatory guide (in this example numbered
204)
Transitional Act National Consumer Credit Protection (Transitional and
Consequential Provisions) Act 2009
unlicensed COI
lender
Has the meaning given in s5 of the National Credit Act,
as modified by item 2.4 of Schedule 2 to the National
Credit Regulations
you A credit licensee, an applicant for a credit licence, or an
unlicensed COI lender
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Related information
Headnotes
adequate financial resources, appropriate knowledge and skills, carried over
instrument, cash flows, COI lender, credit licence, credit licensee,
responsible financial manager, self-assessment, unlicensed COI lender
Regulatory guides
RG 203 Do I need a credit licence?
RG 204 Applying for and varying a credit licence
RG 205 Credit licensing: General conduct obligations
RG 210 Compensation and insurance arrangements for credit licensees
Information sheets
INFO 97 Guidance for small credit businesses
INFO 101 FAQs—Does the credit regime apply?
INFO 104 FAQs—Complying with your credit obligations
INFO 110 Lenders with carried over instruments
Legislation
Australian Prudential Regulation Authority Act 1998, s3(2)
Corporations Act, Div 3 of Pt 5.7B
National Credit Act, s14(1)(a), 15(3)(a), 35, 37(1)(b), 37(4)(b), 47(1), 47(4),
48, 51(1), 53, 324, 325; Transitional Act, s4(1)
National Credit Regulations, regs 9, 9A, Sch 2
ASIC forms
Form COI2 Change of details for unlicensed carried over instrument lender
and prescribed unlicensed carried over instrument lender
