ASIC RG 146 — ASIC Regulatory Guide – RG 146 Licensing: Training of financial product advisers

Page 1 REGULATORY GUIDE 146 Licensing: Training of financial product advisers July 2012 About this guide This is a guide for:  advisers (i.e. Australian financial services (AFS) licensees and representatives who provide financial product advice to retail clients); and  providers of training and education for advisers. This guide sets out minimum training standards that apply to advisers and how advisers can meet these training standards. Editor’s note: Effective 24 September 2012, Sections D and E of this paper will be under review. The review will be undertaken in consultation with industry, with a consultation paper anticipated for release in December 2012. The review will enable ASIC to explore options pending final policy positions following from Consultation Paper 153: Licensing: Assessment and professional development framework for financial advisers. Page 2 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 2 About ASIC regulatory documents In administering legislation ASIC issues the following types of regulatory documents. Consultation papers: seek feedback from stakeholders on matters ASIC is considering, such as proposed relief or proposed regulatory guidance. Regulatory guides: give guidance to regulated entities by:  explaining when and how ASIC will exercise specific powers under legislation (primarily the Corporations Act)  explaining how ASIC interprets the law  describing the principles underlying ASIC’s approach  giving practical guidance (e.g. describing the steps of a process such as applying for a licence or giving practical examples of how regulated entities may decide to meet their obligations). Information sheets: provide concise guidance on a specific process or compliance issue or an overview of detailed guidance. Reports: describe ASIC compliance or relief activity or the results of a research project. Document history This version was issued in July 2012 and is based on legislation and regulations as at the date of issue. Previous versions:  Superseded Regulatory Guide 146, issued 22 November 2007, reissued 20 August 2008 and 1 December 2009  Superseded Policy Statement 146, issued 28 November 2001, updated 22 January 2003 and 31 August 2005, rebadged as a regulatory guide 5 July 2007  Superseded Interim Policy Statement 146, issued 6 September 1999, updated 4 October 2000 Disclaimer This guide does not constitute legal advice. We encourage you to seek your own professional advice to find out how the Corporations Act and other applicable laws apply to you, as it is your responsibility to determine your obligations. Examples in this guide are purely for illustration; they are not exhaustive and are not intended to impose or imply particular rules or requirements. Page 3 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 3 Contents A Overview .................................................................................................4 Our approach to the training of advisers .................................................4 Who must meet the training standards? ..................................................5 What are the training standards? ............................................................5 How do advisers meet the training standards? .......................................6 How are training courses and advisers assessed? .................................7 What are the continuing training requirements? ......................................8 Further information for advisers ...............................................................8 B Who must meet the training standards? .............................................9 Advisers providing financial product advice.............................................9 Who does not have to comply with the training standards? ..................10 What should licensees do to meet their training obligations? ...............12 C What are the training standards? ......................................................15 Flexible approach ..................................................................................15 Knowledge requirements .......................................................................18 Skill requirements ..................................................................................18 Educational levels ..................................................................................20 D How do advisers meet the training standards?................................22 Approved training courses .....................................................................22 Alternative approaches to meeting the training standards ....................24 E How are training courses and advisers assessed? .........................27 Who can be an authorised assessor? ...................................................27 What is the role of an authorised assessor? .........................................29 Criteria for assessing a training course .................................................29 Evidence of meeting the training standards ..........................................30 Registering training courses ..................................................................31 Assessment of courses for basic deposit products, related non-cash payment products and FHSA deposit accounts ....................................33 F Continuing training requirements ......................................................34 Our regulatory approach ........................................................................34 Appendix A: Knowledge requirements .....................................................37 A1 Generic knowledge ......................................................................38 A2 Specialist knowledge ...................................................................39 Appendix B: Skill requirements .................................................................53 Appendix C: What criteria must a professional or industry association meet to become an authorised assessor? ...................56 Appendix D: What conditions are placed on a professional or industry association that is an authorised assessor? ....................57 Key terms .....................................................................................................58 Related information .....................................................................................62 Page 4 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 4 A Overview Key points ASIC has set minimum standards for the training of financial product advisers (training standards): see RG 146.1–RG 146.3. The training standards are sets of knowledge and skill requirements that vary depending on the adviser’s activities: see RG 146.6–RG 146.7 and Section C. All natural persons who provide financial product advice to retail clients must meet the training standards, unless they fall within certain limited exemption categories: see RG 146.4–RG 146.5 and Section B. In general, advisers will meet the relevant training standards by satisfactorily completing training courses assessed as meeting the training standards by an authorised assessor and listed on the ASIC Training Register. As an alternative, experienced advisers can demonstrate their competence through individual assessment by an authorised assessor: see RG 146.8–RG 146.13 and Sections D–E. Licensees must implement policies and procedures to ensure that they and their advisers undertake continuing training: see RG 146.14–RG 146.15 and Section F. Our approach to the training of advisers RG 146.1 We have set minimum standards for the training of advisers. By setting and enforcing these training standards, we aim to: (a) protect consumers of financial advice by ensuring that those who provide the advice are competent to do so. Retail clients generally do not have the resources or expertise to assess whether their adviser has an appropriate level of competence to provide financial advice. It is important for ASIC to set training standards that ensure a level of competence; (b) help licensees comply with their legal obligations to ensure that they and their representatives are adequately trained and competent to provide the services covered by their AFS licence. Under the Corporations Act, licensees must adequately train and supervise their representatives, and must themselves be competent; and (c) help training and education providers and professional and industry associations understand our regulatory requirements, so that they can develop appropriate training courses and standards. Page 5 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 5 RG 146.2 The training standards in this regulatory guide should be read with the Financial Services Training Package (FSTP). The FSTP is an integrated set of nationally endorsed competency standards, assessment guidelines and Australian Qualifications Framework qualifications for the financial services industry developed and endorsed under the National Training Framework. RG 146.3 We have set minimum training standards only and encourage industry and professional associations to build on the training standards. We recognise industry’s important role in the development and promotion of best practice relating to training and competence. Who must meet the training standards? RG 146.4 All natural persons who provide financial product advice to retail clients must meet the training standards, unless they fall within certain limited exemptions. RG 146.5 We have exempted certain persons from meeting our training standards because their activities are of a limited nature and because someone who does comply with the training standards plays a material role in the provision of financial product advice to retail clients by these persons. What are the training standards? RG 146.6 The training standards are sets of knowledge and (in some cases) skill requirements that must be satisfied, at either the Tier 1 or Tier 2 education level, by advisers before they give advice. The Tier 1 education level is broadly equivalent to the ‘Diploma’ level under the Australian Qualifications Framework and the Tier 2 education level is broadly equivalent to the ‘Certificate III’ level under the Australian Qualifications Framework. RG 146.7 The knowledge and skill requirements and educational levels vary depending on the adviser’s advice activities. That is, they vary depending on: (a) whether the adviser gives general or personal advice; and (b) what products the adviser gives advice on. The knowledge requirements are set out in Appendix A and the skill requirements are set out Appendix B. See also Table 1. Page 6 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 6 How do advisers meet the training standards? RG 146.8 In general, advisers will meet the training standards by satisfactorily completing training courses listed on the ASIC Training Register relevant to their advisory activities. As an alternative, experienced advisers can demonstrate their competence through individual assessment against the training standards by an authorised assessor. RG 146.9 Persons providing advice only on basic deposit products and related non- cash payment products will be able to meet the training standards by satisfactorily completing a training course that is not on the ASIC Training Register but has instead been assessed as meeting the training standards by their licensee. RG 146.10 Table 1 summarises what individual advisers must do to meet the training standards. Table 1: What must an adviser do to meet the training standards? Adviser provides general advice Adviser provides personal advice Adviser provides advice on Tier 1 products You must complete courses on the ASIC Training Register that meet the relevant training standards, i.e. they are at the Tier 1 level and cover:  the generic knowledge relevant to the products you advise on and the markets in which you operate (see A1 in Appendix A), and  the specialist knowledge about the specific products you advise on and the markets in which you operate (see A2 in Appendix A) OR You must be individually assessed by an authorised assessor against the relevant training standards You must complete courses on the ASIC Training Register that meet the relevant training standards, i.e. they are at the Tier 1 level and cover:  the generic knowledge relevant to the products you advise on and the markets in which you operate (see A1 in Appendix A),  the specialist knowledge about the specific products you advise on and the markets in which you operate (see A2 in Appendix A), and  the relevant skills requirements (see Appendix B) OR You must be individually assessed by an authorised assessor against the relevant training standards Page 7 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 7 Adviser provides general advice Adviser provides personal advice Adviser provides advice on Tier 2 products other than basic deposit products and related non-cash payment products You must complete courses on the ASIC Training Register that meet the relevant training standards, i.e. they are at the Tier 2 level and cover the specialist knowledge about the specific products you advise on and the markets in which you operate (see A2 in Appendix A) OR You must be individually assessed by an authorised assessor against the relevant training standards You must complete courses on the ASIC Training Register that meet the relevant training standards, i.e. they are at the Tier 2 level and cover:  the specialist knowledge about the specific products you advise on and the markets in which you operate (see A2 in Appendix A), and  the relevant skills requirements (see Appendix B) OR You must be individually assessed by an authorised assessor against the relevant training standards Adviser provides advice on basic deposit products and related non-cash payment products You must complete courses on the ASIC Training Register that meet the relevant training standards, i.e. they are at the Tier 2 level and cover the specialist knowledge about the specific products you advise on and the markets in which you operate (see A2 in Appendix A) OR You must complete courses your licensee has assessed as meeting the relevant training standards OR You must be individually assessed by an authorised assessor against the relevant training standards You must complete courses on the ASIC Training Register that meet the relevant training standards, i.e. they are at the Tier 2 level and cover:  the specialist knowledge about the specific products you advise on and the markets in which you operate (see A2 in Appendix A), and  the relevant skill requirements (see Appendix B) OR You must complete courses your licensee has assessed as meeting the relevant training standards OR You must be individually assessed by an authorised assessor against the relevant training standards Note 1: For definitions of ‘Tier 1 products’ and ‘Tier 2 products’, see the ‘Key terms’ section. Note 2: Advisers completing training courses on the ASIC Training Register may receive exemptions or credit for some knowledge or skill requirements: see RG 146.68–RG 146.70. How are training courses and advisers assessed? RG 146.11 In general, training courses can be listed on the ASIC Training Register if they are assessed by an authorised assessor as meeting the training standards. Licensees can assess whether training courses on basic deposit products and related non-cash payment products meet the relevant knowledge and skill requirements in the training standards. Courses assessed by licensees do not need to be listed on the ASIC Training Register. Page 8 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 8 RG 146.12 Individual assessment against the training standards must be conducted by an authorised assessor. RG 146.13 The following organisations can undertake the role of authorised assessor: (a) registered training organisations (RTOs); (b) self-accrediting organisations (SAOs); or (c) a professional or industry association relevant to the financial services industry that has been accredited by us. What are the continuing training requirements? RG 146.14 Licensees must implement policies and procedures to ensure that their advisers (and they themselves, if they are natural person licensees) undertake continuing training to maintain and update the knowledge and skills that are appropriate for their activities. RG 146.15 We do not require continuing training courses to be assessed by an authorised assessor. Further information for advisers RG 146.16 For further information on what advisers must do to meet the training standards in this regulatory guide, advisers may: (a) contact the Compliance or Training Manager in their organisation responsible for the implementation of this regulatory guide; (b) contact their respective industry association; (c) search the ASIC Training Register on the ASIC website at www.asic.gov.au/fstraining; or (d) contact ASIC by visiting www.asic.gov.au/question or phoning 1300 300 630. Page 9 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 9 B Who must meet the training standards? Key points All natural persons who provide financial product advice to retail clients must meet the training standards, unless they fall within certain limited exemptions: see RG 146.17. We have exempted certain persons from meeting the training standards because their activities are of a limited nature and because someone who does comply with the training standards plays a material role in the provision of financial product advice to retail clients by these persons: see RG 146.18–RG 146.29. The licensee is responsible for ensuring that all advisers meet the training standards: see RG 146.30–RG 146.35. Advisers providing financial product advice RG 146.17 All natural persons who provide financial product advice to retail clients must meet the training standards, unless they fall within one of the exemptions in RG 146.18–RG 146.29. This means that, subject to limited exemptions, the training standards must be met by: (a) natural person licensees; (b) natural person representatives of licensees; and (c) natural persons who are authorised by a corporate authorised representative of a licensee, who provide to retail clients: (d) personal advice (as defined in s766B(3) of the Corporations Act 2001 (Corporations Act)), and/or (e) general advice (as defined in s766B(4) of the Corporations Act). In this regulatory guide, we refer to persons who are required to meet the training standards as ‘advisers’. Note: For guidance on what is the provision of financial product advice, see Regulatory Guide 36 Licensing: Financial product advice and dealing (RG 36). Page 10 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 10 Who does not have to comply with the training standards? Conduct not financial product advice RG 146.18 Persons that do not provide financial product advice are not required to meet the training standards. Examples of conduct that is not treated as financial product advice include: (a) conduct done in the course of work of a kind ordinarily done by clerks or cashiers (s766A(3)); (b) conduct being the provision of an exempt document or statement (s766B(1A)); and (c) certain general advice given by a financial product issuer (reg 7.1.33H). Conduct exempt from licensing RG 146.19 Persons who provide financial product advice for which there is an exemption under the Corporations Act from the obligation to hold an AFS licence are not required to meet the training standards. Examples of financial product advice that is exempt from the licensing regime include: (a) the provision of general advice in the media by product issuers (or by persons acting on behalf of product issuers) where the advice relates to the issuer’s own products and where certain warnings are provided (reg 7.6.01(1)(o)); (b) the provision of general advice to licensees by product issuers (reg 7.6.01(1)(s)); and (c) referrals that are exempt from licensing under reg 7.6.01(1)(e) or (ea). Mere preparation of advertisements RG 146.20 The training standards do not apply to persons whose conduct consists of the mere preparation of advertisements to which s1018A applies, provided that: (a) the AFS licence of the issuer or seller (as the case may be) authorises the provision of financial product advice; and (b) a responsible manager of the issuer or seller approves the advertisement before its publication or dissemination. Advice to wholesale clients RG 146.21 The training standards do not apply to the provision of advice to wholesale clients. For example, if the representative of a trustee of a pooled superannuation trust provides a financial service to a trustee of a superannuation entity that has net assets of at least $10 million or is a retirement savings account provider, then the representative does not have to meet the training requirements. Note: See s761G(6) for the meaning of retail and wholesale client. Page 11 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 11 Customer service representatives RG 146.22 Customer services representatives (i.e. call centre or front desk staff who deal with initial queries from customers) may provide financial product advice to customers in the course of their work. They do not need to meet the training standards where the only financial product advice they provide is either: (a) derived from a script approved by a person who meets the training standards (see RG 146.23); or (b) made under the direct supervision of a person who meets the training standards (see RG 146.24). Where a client seeks financial product advice that does not fall within this exemption, the customer service representative must refer the client to a person who meets the training standards. RG 146.23 For the purposes of RG 146.22(a), a script can be used for the provision of advice on both Tier 1 and Tier 2 products, and can include, but is not limited to: (a) pre-determined explanatory text that has been approved by a person who meets the training standards; (b) a series of pre-determined questions and answers that have been approved by a person who meets the training standards; or (c) reading directly from an information booklet/sheet that has been approved by a person who meets the training standards. Where a customer service representative supplements (or is asked to supplement) a script with text that has not been approved by a person who meets the training standards, the customer service representative must refer the client to a person who meets the training standards. RG 146.24 For the purposes of RG 146.22(b), a supervisor who meets the training standards must be present on site to monitor and supervise the customer service representatives. RG 146.25 The licensee must have compliance measures in place designed to ensure that customer service representatives who do not meet the training standards operate only within the limits set out in RG 146.22. These measures must include an effective means of monitoring what customer service representatives say to retail clients when following the requirements set out in RG 146.22. Further, while customer service representatives do not have to comply with the training standards, licensees must ensure that their customer service representatives have the necessary competencies to perform their functions: see s912A(1)(f). RG 146.26 We believe this exemption for customer service representatives maintains appropriate training standards while also allowing significant flexibility for licensees. Page 12 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 12 Para-planners and trainee advisers RG 146.27 Para-planners and trainee advisers perform functions such as collecting information from retail clients about their objectives, financial situation or needs, preparing draft Statements of Advice and assisting in the explanation of financial product advice to retail clients. They do not need to meet the training standards provided a person who does meet the training standards plays a material role in, and (together with the licensee) remains responsible for, the provision of financial product advice to retail clients. This means that a person (person A) meeting the training standards must: (a) review any draft Statement of Advice prepared by the para-planner or trainee adviser with a view to assessing whether all legal obligations have been complied with, and take any necessary action to ensure such compliance (this may mean, for example, that person A needs to obtain further information from the client or needs to alter the draft Statement of Advice); and (b) manage and lead any verbal explanation of the financial product advice to the client. RG 146.28 Where para-planners and trainee advisers are used in relation to the provision of financial product advice, we consider that the licensee must have compliance measures in place designed to ensure that a person who satisfies the training standards plays a material role in the provision of the advice, as described in RG 146.27. These measures must include an effective means of monitoring what para-planners and trainee advisers say to retail clients. Further, while para-planners and trainee advisers do not have to comply with the training standards, licensees must ensure that their para- planners and trainee advisers have the necessary competence to perform their functions: see s912A(1)(f). RG 146.29 We believe this exemption for para-planners and trainee advisers maintains appropriate training standards while also allowing significant flexibility for licensees. What should licensees do to meet their training obligations? RG 146.30 Licensees are responsible for ensuring that their advisers (and they themselves, if they are natural person licensees) meet the training standards: see s912A(1)(b), 912A(1)(e) and 912A(1)(f). RG 146.31 Licensees must (among other obligations): (a) do all things necessary to ensure that the financial services covered by their AFS licence are provided efficiently, honestly and fairly (s912A(1)(a)); (b) comply with the financial services laws (as defined in s761A) (s912A(1)(c)); Page 13 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 13 (c) take reasonable steps to ensure that their representatives comply with the financial services laws (s912A(1)(ca)); (d) maintain the competence to provide the financial services covered by their AFS licence (s912A(1)(e)); and (e) ensure that their representatives are adequately trained, and are competent, to provide the financial services covered by the AFS licence (s912A(1)(f)). In order to comply with these obligations, licensees must ensure that all natural persons who provide financial product advice on their behalf (including they themselves, if they are natural person licensees) meet the training standards. We will impose licence conditions relating to the training of representatives where an AFS licence authorises the provision of retail financial product advice: see conditions 6 and 7 of Pro Forma 209 Australian financial services licence conditions (PF 209) and s912A(1)(b). RG 146.32 Licensees should also have adequate policies and monitoring procedures in place to ensure that staff not trained in compliance with the training standards do not provide financial product advice. RG 146.33 The standards set out in this regulatory guide are minimum standards. Where a service or product provided is complex, we encourage training requirements to be greater than those set out in this regulatory guide. Table 2: Who must meet the training standards? Advisers who are representatives Advisers who are natural person licensees Who needs to meet the training standards? Natural persons who are representatives of licensees, as defined in s910A Natural persons who are authorised by corporate authorised representatives Natural person licensees Who has the obligation to ensure the training standards are met? The licensee The natural person licensee What is the basis for imposing the training standards? The licensee’s obligation to train their representatives and have competent representatives The licensee’s obligation to maintain the competence to provide financial services What are the circumstances in which the training standards apply? The provision of financial product advice by the representative to retail clients The provision of financial product advice by the natural person licensee to retail clients Page 14 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 14 Training for other financial services RG 146.34 This regulatory guide sets training standards for persons providing financial product advice to retail clients. Under the law, licensees have a duty to adequately train their representatives in relation to all financial services provided under the licence: s912A(1)(f). This guide does not diminish this overriding duty in any way. RG 146.35 The training standards may also serve as a guide, with appropriate adaptation, for licensees whose representatives provide financial services other than retail financial product advice (e.g. in relation to dealing or wholesale financial product advice). Page 15 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 15 C What are the training standards? Key points The training standards are sets of knowledge and (in some cases) skill requirements that must be satisfied at one of two educational levels by advisers. The knowledge and skill requirements and educational levels vary depending on: • whether an adviser gives general or personal advice; and • what products an adviser gives advice on. Flexible approach RG 146.36 We have developed the training standards to establish a benchmark against which training courses and advisers can be assessed. The training standards are sets of knowledge and (in some cases) skill requirements that must be satisfied at one of two educations levels by advisers. RG 146.37 In light of the wide range of products offered in the financial services industry and the different services provided by advisers, the knowledge and skill requirements and educational levels vary depending on: (a) whether an adviser gives general or personal advice; and (b) what products an adviser gives advice on. Tier 1 and Tier 2 products RG 146.38 We have divided products into Tier 1 and Tier 2 as set out in Table 3. Tier 2 products are generally simpler and better understood than Tier 1 products and, therefore, are subject to lighter training standards. Page 16 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 16 Table 3: Tier 1 and Tier 2 products Products Tier 1 All financial products except those listed under Tier 2 Tier 2  General insurance products except for personal sickness and accident (as defined in reg 7.1.14) Note: Travel insurance products are included in Tier 2, even where the product covers losses arising due to sickness or accident while travelling  Consumer credit insurance (as defined in reg 7.1.15)· Note: Consumer credit insurance products are included in Tier 2, even where the product covers consumer credit liabilities that cannot be paid due to sickness or accident  Basic deposit products  Non-cash payment products  FHSA deposit accounts Note: First Home Saver Account (FHSA) deposit accounts are FHSAs issued by an ADI. Other types of FHSAs are Tier 1 products: see RG 146.45–RG 146.46. General insurance and consumer credit insurance products RG 146.39 We have applied the lower Tier 2 level of training to courses and individual assessments that cover the types of general insurance products set out in Table 3 and consumer credit insurance because, while these products carry certain risks, they: (a) are relatively straightforward; (b) do not have any investment component; (c) are subject to standard terms and conditions except for previously disclosed variations; and (d) are of limited life, often 12 months. RG 146.40 We have not included personal sickness and accident insurance products in Tier 2. In contrast to Tier 2 products, personal sickness and accident insurance may be complex and the choices a client makes may have an increased potential to impact significantly on the client’s financial situation. As a result, we believe that clients place greater reliance on an adviser’s competence for advice on these products. Further, our regulatory experience has led us to conclude that a higher standard of training is required to advise on this type of product. Note: We will monitor developments to determine whether Tier 2 remains the appropriate educational level for all types of general insurance products (other than personal sickness and accident). Page 17 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 17 Basic deposit products and non-cash payment products RG 146.41 We have also applied the Tier 2 level to courses and individual assessments that cover basic deposit products (s761A) and non-cash payment products (s763D). These products are also relatively straightforward and well understood by the public. Note: While Tier 2 training is required for these products, we do not require courses for advisers on basic deposit products and related non-cash payment products to be assessed by an authorised assessor or placed on the ASIC Training Register. These courses can instead be assessed by the licensee itself as meeting the Tier 2 training standard. Debentures RG 146.42 We have not included debentures in Tier 2. While the complexity and risk of these products may vary depending on the type of debenture, we believe they are neither straightforward nor well understood by retail investors. Accordingly, advisers who provide advice on debentures must receive training at the Tier 1 level: see RG 146.56–RG 146.59. Self-managed superannuation funds RG 146.43 Any person advising on self-managed superannuation funds (SMSFs) must complete, as a minimum, the Tier 1 training requirements for superannuation. To comply with the training requirements, the adviser must have knowledge of all superannuation products, even when the adviser is advising only on one superannuation product (e.g. SMSFs). RG 146.44 If an adviser has previously undertaken training on superannuation, but this did not sufficiently cover SMSFs, the adviser should undertake additional specific product training in relation to SMSFs before advising on these products. First Home Saver Accounts RG 146.45 We have applied the Tier 2 level to courses and individual assessments that cover First Home Saver Account (FHSA) deposit accounts—that is, FHSAs that are an account issued by an authorised deposit-taking institution (ADI), such as a bank, building society or credit union. The features of FHSA deposit accounts are structurally similar to basic deposit products but combine new features (e.g. government contribution, tax treatment, restrictions on withdrawal, and consequences of closing accounts). We consider that basic deposit products and FHSA deposit accounts are relatively straightforward. Note: While Tier 2 training is required for FHSA deposit accounts, we do not require courses for advisers on these products to be assessed by an authorised assessor or placed on the ASIC Training Register. These courses can instead be assessed by the licensee itself as meeting the Tier 2 training standard. RG 146.46 We have not applied Tier 2 to FHSAs that are a life policy or a beneficial interest in a trust. These types of FHSAs are similar to life insurance and superannuation products, which are currently subject to Tier 1 levels of Page 18 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 18 training. This is consistent with our view that where a product is market- linked it will be treated at the Tier 1 level. Licensee must assess Tier 2 products RG 146.47 A licensee may consider that some types of products included in Tier 2 are not, in fact, straightforward or standard products. In these cases, they should make sure that their advisers are trained at the higher educational level. Knowledge requirements RG 146.48 In light of the wide range of products offered in the financial services industry, we have identified a range of knowledge requirements for advisers on different products. Our knowledge requirements are set out in Appendix A. RG 146.49 Advisers on Tier 1 products are required to have generic knowledge relevant to the products they advise on and the markets in which they operate: see A1 in Appendix A. However, we do not require advisers on Tier 2 products to meet the specific generic knowledge requirements set out in Table A1. Tier 2 products do not have an investment component where the return is subject to market fluctuations and, therefore, training on the economic environment as part of generic knowledge training is less relevant to advisers on Tier 2 products. RG 146.50 All advisers are required to have specialist knowledge about the specific products they advise on and the markets in which they operate. We have developed specialist knowledge requirements relevant to each sector in the financial services industry: see A2 in Appendix A. Skill requirements RG 146.51 Advisers need appropriate skills to be able to apply their knowledge in practical situations. We have identified a range of skill requirements for advisers providing personal advice: see Appendix B. RG 146.52 The training standards do not include skill requirements for advisers who only provide general advice. As the level and type of skill varies so much in relation to the provision of general advice, we have not mandated the skill requirements for advisers that only provide this type of advice. RG 146.53 However, licensees still have a general obligation to ensure that their advisers have the necessary skills to be competent to provide general advice: see s912A(f). The appropriate skills for advisers who provide general advice will vary according to the particular form of the advice and the products about which the general advice is given. Page 19 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 19 Table 4: Examples of knowledge and skill requirements Knowledge and skills needed Financial planner An adviser providing financial planning advice that requires a detailed client needs analysis should undertake approved training courses that address the elements set out under our requirements for:  generic knowledge;  specialist knowledge under the financial planning (see Table A2.1 in Appendix A) and superannuation (see Table A2.5) categories; and Note: They will also need to complete courses covering insurance (see Table A2.6), managed investments (see Table A2.4), securities markets (see Table A2.2), FHSAs (see Table A2.9), margin lending facilities (see Table A2.10) and regulated emissions units (see Table A2.11) if they advise on these products.  appropriate skills. Insurance broker An insurance broker advising on Tier 1 insurance products (e.g. life insurance) should undertake approved training courses that address the elements set out under our requirements for:  generic knowledge;  core insurance knowledge (see Table A2.6a in Appendix A);·  specialist knowledge covering general insurance, life insurance and insurance broking (see Table A2.6b); and  appropriate skills. Tier 2 general insurance products If a person advises only on Tier 2 general insurance products, they will need to undertake approved training courses that address:  core insurance knowledge (see Table A2.6a in Appendix A);  specialist knowledge covering general insurance (see Table A2.6b); and  appropriate skills. Basic deposit products and related non-cash payment products If a person advises on Tier 2 basic deposit products and related non- cash payment products, they will need to undertake training courses that address:  specialist knowledge covering basic deposit products and related non-cash payment products relevant to the person’s activities (see Table A2.7 in Appendix A); and·  appropriate skills. Page 20 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 20 Educational levels RG 146.55 All advisers must satisfactorily meet the knowledge and skill requirements at the educational level appropriate to the complexity of their activities and clients’ needs (i.e. Tier 1 or the lower Tier 2 level). The appropriate level depends on the type of product advised on. Table 5: Summary of educational levels Who Characteristics Tier 1 People advising on Tier 1 products (i.e. all financial products except those listed under Tier 2) The characteristics of this level are broadly equivalent to the ‘Diploma’ level under the Australian Qualifications Framework Tier 2 People advising on Tier 2 products, i.e. the following financial products:  general insurance products except for personal sickness and accident (as defined in reg 7.1.14)·  consumer credit insurance (as defined in reg 7.1.15)·  basic deposit products  non-cash payment products  FHSA deposit accounts The characteristics of this level are broadly equivalent to the ‘Certificate III’ level under the Australian Qualifications Framework Tier 1 RG 146.56 For personal advice, the program content of Tier 1 courses, or an individual adviser, should be assessed at a level that enables advisers to: (a) demonstrate an understanding of the generic and specialist knowledge requirements in Appendix A that are relevant to their tasks and specific industry and product; (b) analyse and plan approaches to technical problems and client issues; (c) evaluate information for planning and research purposes; (d) apply their knowledge to relevant tasks; (e) apply judgement to the selection of products and services for clients; (f) apply knowledge, and evaluation and coordination skills, to a variety of technical situations; and (g) apply knowledge and skills to developing and analysing strategies for clients. RG 146.57 In relation to general advice, the program content of Tier 1 courses, or an individual adviser, should be assessed at a level that enables providers of general advice to demonstrate an understanding of the generic and specialist Page 21 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 21 knowledge requirements in Appendix A that are relevant to their tasks and specific industry and product. RG 146.58 The characteristics of Tier 1 courses are broadly equivalent to the ‘Diploma’ level in the Australian Qualifications Framework. The Australian Qualifications Framework is a national government system that provides the criteria for qualifications issued by the school sector, vocational education and training sector (e.g. TAFEs and private RTOs) and the higher education sector (e.g. universities). RG 146.59 We are not prescribing that advisers should necessarily undertake a formal diploma course. The reference to this qualification in this regulatory guide is for comparative purposes only, as a guide for licensees, training providers and authorised assessors on the level of the required content of the course. Tier 2 RG 146.60 For personal advice, the content of Tier 2 courses, or an individual adviser, should be assessed at a level that enables advisers to: (a) demonstrate an understanding of the specialist knowledge requirements in Appendix A that are relevant to their tasks and specific industry and product; (b) apply a range of well developed skills to a variety of customer services and technical situations; (c) apply known solutions to a variety of predictable problems; (d) perform processes that require a range of well developed skills when some discretion and judgement are required; and (e) interpret available information about the client and product, using discretion and judgement. RG 146.61 In relation to general advice, the program content of Tier 2 courses, or an individual adviser, should be assessed at a level that enables providers of general advice to demonstrate an understanding of the specialist knowledge requirements in Appendix A that are relevant to their tasks and to the specific industry and product. RG 146.62 The characteristics of Tier 2 courses are broadly equivalent to ‘Certificate III’ level in the Australian Qualifications Framework. We are not prescribing that advisers should necessarily undertake a formal Certificate III course. The reference to this qualification in this regulatory guide is for comparative purposes only, as a guide for licensees, training providers and authorised assessors on the level of the required content of the course. Page 22 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 22 D How do advisers meet the training standards? Important note: Effective 24 September 2012, this section will be under review. The review will be undertaken in consultation with industry, with a consultation paper anticipated for release in December 2012. The review will enable ASIC to explore options pending final policy positions following from Consultation Paper 153: Licensing: Assessment and professional development framework for financial advisers. Key points Advisers generally will meet the training standards by satisfactorily completing approved training courses relevant to their activities that are on the ASIC Training Register: see RG 146.63–RG 146.74. Advisers who have not undertaken an approved training course can also meet the training standards by one of the following alternative approaches: • individual assessment (see RG 146.75–RG 146.77); • obtaining an approved professional association designation (see RG 146.78); • arranging to have a course previously undertaken placed on the ASIC Training Register (see RG 146.79–RG 146.82); or • completing a foreign qualification accepted by ASIC (see RG 146.83– RG 146.86). Approved training courses Our general approach RG 146.63 Advisers will generally meet the training standards by satisfactorily completing approved training courses relevant to their activities. Approved training courses are those assessed by an authorised assessor and listed on the ASIC Training Register. Note: See Section E for details on how training courses are assessed. RG 146.64 Generally, advisers will undertake courses that have already been assessed by an authorised assessor (see RG 146.98) and listed on the ASIC Training Register. However, licensees may choose to develop their own courses in partnership with an authorised assessor or have their own courses assessed by an authorised assessor and placed on the ASIC Training Register. RG 146.65 The ASIC Training Register is available on our website at www.asic.gov.au/fstraining. It lists courses according to the name of the Page 23 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 23 organisation issuing the qualification, the name of the course and the knowledge categories. Note: For information on how we maintain the ASIC Training Register, see RG 146.108–RG 146.116. RG 146.66 Advisers must complete subjects or units that address the training standards, i.e. (a) they meet the relevant knowledge requirements (see Appendix A); and (b) where appropriate, they meet the relevant skill requirements (see Appendix B); and (c) they are at the appropriate educational level. Note: See Section C for an explanation of the knowledge and skill requirements and the educational levels. Depending on the financial product, an adviser may meet the training standards by completing a number of individual subjects or units listed on the ASIC Training Register or, in some cases, advisers may need to complete all units within a course. Basic deposit products, related non-cash payment products and FHSA deposit accounts RG 146.67 Advisers on basic deposit products, related non-cash payment products and FHSA deposit accounts do not need to do a course that is approved by an authorised assessor and on the ASIC Training Register. Instead they can do a course that is assessed by the licensee as meeting the relevant knowledge and skill requirements to the Tier 2 educational level. We have provided this flexibility to licensees in the development and assessment of courses for basic deposit products, related non-cash payment products and FHSA deposit accounts in light of the different legislative approach to regulating these products. For example, a Financial Services Guide and a Statement of Advice are not required for advice on these products: s941C(6) and 946B(5). Course exemptions RG 146.68 Some advisers have received exemptions from units or subjects listed on the ASIC Training Register by passing another course or subject, or on the basis of their experience. We will recognise these exemptions provided they are only 50% or less of the subjects or units of the course undertaken to meet the training standards. RG 146.69 Course providers should follow the National principles and operational guidelines for recognition of prior learning when recognising an adviser’s previous learning or experience. These principles and guidelines have been endorsed nationally and can be accessed from the Australian Qualifications Framework website at www.aqf.edu.au. Page 24 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 24 RG 146.70 Advisers wanting to obtain exemptions for more than 50% of subjects or units from a course listed on the ASIC Training Register may instead choose to have their knowledge and skills individually assessed: see RG 146.75– RG 146.77. Licensees to determine appropriate program RG 146.71 We do not mandate any particular course or training provider. Nor have we prescribed any particular duration for a training course or method of delivery. Licensees will be able to choose training procedures that meet both the training standards and their own business needs, for example: (a) a single training course or combination of courses delivered in-house or by an external training provider; or (b) training methods such as course attendance, long-distance education, or computer packages. RG 146.72 Once a course has been approved by an authorised assessor and recorded on the ASIC Training Register, it meets the requirements of this regulatory guide. However, licensees remain obliged to comply with the requirements of the Corporations Act in relation to their own or their representatives’ competence. Proposed new advisers RG 146.73 Licensees should provide proposed new advisers with appropriate induction on commencing employment. They should also ensure that, before the new entrants undertake activities under the AFS licence, they: (a) have undergone appropriate approved training courses; and (b) are properly supervised. RG 146.74 New advisers must not start advising retail clients until they satisfy the requirements of this regulatory guide. Alternative approaches to meeting the training standards Individual assessment RG 146.75 Experienced advisers who do not have relevant qualifications can meet the training standards by being individually assessed by an authorised assessor. To be eligible for this option, advisers must have at least five years relevant experience over the immediate past eight years in the areas in which they advise. RG 146.76 Individual assessment means an assessment of a person’s capability to undertake their current duties, taking into consideration their previous work Page 25 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 25 experience. It is also known by various other names including workplace assessment, recognition of current competence, recognition of prior learning or professional assessment. This type of assessment does not necessarily include a formal written examination. Advisers can be assessed against the training standards for their current activities in a variety of ways (e.g. on-the- job, portfolio assessment, oral or practical tests, challenge tests). RG 146.77 The ASIC Training Register contains the names of assessors that carry out individual assessment. Professional association designations RG 146.78 We will recognise professional association designations where the qualification on which the designation was granted is listed on the ASIC Training Register. Existing advisers RG 146.79 Existing advisers who have completed a training course that is not listed on the ASIC Training Register, but which they believe meets the knowledge and skill requirements in Appendices A and B, can meet the training standards by having the course accredited by an authorised assessor. RG 146.80 If the course has been approved by an authorised assessor (based on available evidence) and listed on the ASIC Training Register, then it satisfies the requirements of this regulatory guide. RG 146.81 Advisers who have completed training (before 1 January 1995) that is listed on the ASIC Training Register will generally need to demonstrate that their knowledge and skills are complete and current, particularly in the areas of regulation, compliance and disclosure. This can be demonstrated by producing evidence of relevant continuing training or undertaking approved supplementary or gap training. RG 146.82 Where it is not possible to assess existing training, advisers may meet the training standards by: (a) satisfactorily completing a course already listed on the ASIC Training Register; or (b) being individually assessed (if they have five years relevant experience over the immediate past eight years in the areas in which they advise). Foreign qualifications RG 146.83 Generally, we will accept foreign qualifications relevant to the activities the adviser undertakes. Advisers will need to obtain evidence that a course has been recognised by a relevant overseas regulatory body (e.g. the Financial Services Authority (UK), the New Zealand Financial Markets Authority, the Page 26 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 26 Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (which replaced the National Association of Securities Dealers) (US), the Securities and Futures Commission (Hong Kong), and the Monetary Authority of Singapore). RG 146.84 Relevant foreign university qualifications can be verified by Australian Education International—National Office of Overseas Skills Recognition (AEI NOOSR) through its Country education profiles and ‘update’ publications, by contacting AEI NOOSR directly or by contacting the Overseas Qualifications Unit (OQU) located in each Australian state or territory. RG 146.85 Foreign qualifications will not have addressed Australian legal requirements (e.g. obligations under the Corporations Act and relevant codes of conduct, and knowledge of other relevant Australian legislation, including taxation and superannuation). Advisers with foreign qualifications must undertake a relevant course listed on the ASIC Training Register to become familiar with Australian requirements. RG 146.86 Despite RG 146.85, we will treat the following advisers from New Zealand, who have practised for at least six consecutive months, as fully meeting the training standards currently required by this guide for the relevant products or subject areas covered in their New Zealand qualifications (apart from superannuation and margin lending due to the lack of corresponding training requirements in New Zealand for these products): (a) current and former authorised financial advisers (AFAs); and (b) current and former advisers of qualifying financial entities (QFEs) who meet the competency requirements to be an AFA set out in Code Standard 16 of New Zealand’s Code of Professional Conduct for Authorised Financial Advisers. Note 1: For example, qualifications required to provide advice on securities in New Zealand will be sufficient to advise on securities in Australia. However, qualifications to advise on investment products generally in New Zealand will not be sufficient to advise on superannuation products in Australia (due to the detailed local rules associated with superannuation in Australia). Information on the different licence scopes for AFAs and the competency standards required to be an AFA can be found on the New Zealand Financial Markets Authority’s website at www.fma.govt.nz. Note 2: By ‘former adviser’, we mean an adviser not currently practising but who has done so within the three years before the adviser started practising in Australia. Note 3: The arrangement in RG 146.86 will be reviewed every three years. This will include considering any changes to the training regimes in either Australia or New Zealand during that time. Page 27 REGULATORY GUIDE 146: Licensing: Training of financial product advisers © Australian Securities and Investments Commission July 2012 Page 27 E How are training courses and advisers assessed? Important note: Effective 24 September 2012, this section will be under review. The review will be undertaken in consultation with industry, with a consultation paper anticipated for release in December 2012. The review will enable ASIC to explore options pending final policy positions following from Consultation Paper 153: Licensing: Assessment and professional development framework for financial advisers. Key points Training courses and individual advisers meet the training standards if they are assessed by an authorised assessor as meeting the knowledge and skill requirements to the relevant educational level. Training courses for advice on basic deposit products and related non-cash payment products do not need to be assessed by an authorised assessor (or registered on the ASIC Training Register) but may instead be assessed by the licensee: see RG 146.117–RG 146.120. The following organisations can undertake the role of authorised assessor: • registered training organisations (RTOs) (see RG 146.91–RG 146.93); • self-accrediting organisations (SAOs) (see RG 146.94); or • a professional or industry association relevant to the financial services industry that has been accredited by us (see RG 146.95–RG 146.96). RG 146.87 Training courses and individual advisers m